How do the healthy fats in nuts and seeds help protect against cardiovascular disease?

The type of fat found in nuts and seeds is one of the primary reasons that eating them can promote a healthy heart. The fat contained in nuts and seeds is almost exclusively unsaturated, with a good mix of both monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats. Nuts and seeds typically feature very limited amounts of saturated fat, about 5-15% or less of their total fat content. The proper balance between these types of fats is important, and many people do not get enough of certain types, especially one type of polyunsaturated fat called omega-3s. Many nuts and seeds-notably walnuts, flaxseeds, hempseeds, and chia seeds-are rich sources of a type of omega-3 fat called alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), which belongs to the same family of omega-3 fats as the heart-healthy fats-EPA and DHA-you may have heard about in cold-water fish.

The omega-3 fatty acids found in nuts and seeds may help prevent heart disease and repeat heart attacks in several ways. Omega-3 fatty acids, including ALA, EPA, and DHA are protective fats that have been found to:

• Lower blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels (when elevated, these are both risk factors for heart disease)
• Decrease platelet aggregation, which, when excessive, can cause "sticky" blood that may form artery-blocking blood clots
• Reduce the formation of artery-clogging atherosclerotic plaque
• Reduce inflammation of the blood vessels and therefore improve blood flow
• And, lower blood pressure.

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